Tag archieven: Wars of the Roses

The Wars of the Roses/A Nevill Feast/Comments on Summarising/The Wars of the Roses/The Princes in the Tower

King Edward IV.jpg

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL FICTION
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK, BROTHER OF KING EDWARD IV AND THE

UNCLE OF THE ”PRINCES OF THE TOWER”,

WHO DEPOSED
HIS ELDEST NEPHEW EDWARD V TO BECOME KING.

THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER
[THE TWO SONS OF KING EDWARD IV, WHO
DISAPPEARED IN THE TOWER, PROBABLY MURDERED, THE ELDEST ONE
WAS SHORTLY EDWARD Y, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III]

The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by Sir John Everett Millais, 1878, part of the Royal Holloway picture collection

King-edward-v.jpg
EDWARD V, THE ELDEST OF THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER, WHO
SHORTLY BECAME KING, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III
HISTORICAL IMAGE
Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York.jpg
RICHARD,3RD  DUKE OF YORK, FATHER OF
EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDFATHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
CECILY OF YORK, WIFE OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK, MOTHER OF EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDMOTHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
FICTION

Lady Margaret Beaufort from NPG.jpg

Lady Margaret Beaufort at prayer.
HISTORICAL IMAGE
MARGARET  BEAUFORT, WIFE OF EDMUND TUDOR,
MOTHER OF HENRY TUDOR, LATER KING HENRY VII
Image result for margaret of beaufort/Images
FICTION
King Henry VII.jpg
HENRY VII, SON OF MARGARET BEAUFORT AND
EDMUND TUDOR, FATHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
Elizabeth of York from Kings and Queens of England.jpg
ELIZABETH OF YORK, DAUGHTER OF EDWARD IV,
WIFE OF HENRY VII AND MOTHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE

 

 

 

 

 

A NEVILL FEAST/COMMENTS ON SUMMARISING/THE WARS OF THE ROSES/THE PRINCES

IN THE TOWER

A NEVILL FEAST
MY COMMENTS ON SUMMARISING
[See below the text of Summarising]
THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER/A TRAGEDY/MURDER OR DISSAPEARANCE
SOME REFLECTIONS
Dear Nevill Feast
Thanks for your very interesting contribution.
I agree with you, that it’s of importance to look to
the unresolved tragedy of the ”Princes of the Tower rationally.
First, there is no proof whatsoever, that they were really murdered.
The only fact we have is, that after their arrival in the Tower
[for the supposedly coronation of the oldest one to King Edward V],
they were not seen in public after 1483.
Fact is also, that their uncle Richard deposed Edward V, alleging,
that the marriage of his brother King  Edward IV with Elizabeth Woodville
were illegitimate since Edwards supposedly earlier marriage to
Eleanor Butler.
Be as it may, it suited Richard well, who obviously wanted to be King.
But was he also a murderer?
There is simply no proof for that.

 

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The Wars of the Roses/The Princes in the Tower/Susan Higginbotham/History Refreshed/”If Margaret, why not Cecily”/Some Comments

 

 

 

 

King Edward IV.jpg

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL FICTION
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK, BROTHER OF KING EDWARD IV AND THE
UNCLE OF THE ”PRINCES OF THE TOWER”, WHO DEPOSED
HIS ELDEST NEPHEW EDWARD V TO BECOME KING.

THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER
[THE TWO SONS OF KING EDWARD IV, WHO
DISAPPEARED IN THE TOWER, PROBABLY MURDERED, THE ELDEST ONE
WAS SHORTLY EDWARD Y, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III]

The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by Sir John Everett Millais, 1878, part of the Royal Holloway picture collection

King-edward-v.jpg
EDWARD V, THE ELDEST OF THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER, WHO
SHORTLY BECAME KING, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III
HISTORICAL IMAGE
 
 
 
Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York.jpg
 
RICHARD,3RD  DUKE OF YORK, FATHER OF
EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDFATHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
 

CECILY OF YORK, WIFE OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK, MOTHER OF EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDMOTHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
 
HISTORICAL IMAGE
FICTION

Lady Margaret Beaufort from NPG.jpg

Lady Margaret Beaufort at prayer.
HISTORICAL IMAGE
MARGARET  BEAUFORT, WIFE OF EDMUND TUDOR,
MOTHER OF HENRY TUDOR, LATER KING HENRY VII
Image result for margaret of beaufort/Images
FICTION
King Henry VII.jpg
HENRY VII, SON OF MARGARET BEAUFORT AND
EDMUND TUDOR, FATHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
Elizabeth of York from Kings and Queens of England.jpg
ELIZABETH OF YORK, DAUGHTER OF EDWARD IV,
WIFE OF HENRY VII AND MOTHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

THE WARS OF THE ROSES/THE PRINCES
OF THE TOWER/COMMENTS ON SUSAN HIGGINBOTHAM/
HISTORY REFRESHED/”IF MARGARET, WHY NOT CECILY”
I make a travel to the past with you again.
This time to the period, that can be called the swan song
his sons, the socalled ”Princes in the Tower”
dissappeared in the Tower, probably murdered.
In her interesting Blog Contribution,”If Margaret, why not
Cecily’‘, history novel
writer Susan Higginbotham speculates that if
one can assume, that Margaret Beaufort, [mother
of the later King Henry VII],
could have ordered thei killings of the princes, instead of King
Richard III, [the general popular belief], Cecily Duchess of York,
 [mother of Edward IV  and grandmother
of the ”Princes of the Tower”], could also have ordered their death.
However, Higginbotham states, that their is no proof of
the guilt of both the ladies, she wants to point out
that it is as invalid to accuse Margaret, as Cecily.
I disagree with Higginbotham  since, to my opinion, Margaret had
a clearer motive for the killings than Cecily.
Besides, Margaret had as much opportunity, meaning
access to the Tower as Cecily.
And Margaretalso  ran lesser risks than was stated by Higginbotham.
But that comes below.
First I want to travel with you to
the last period of the bloody Wars of the Roses, where,
the House of York concerned, brother turned against brother,
which finally was one of the causes, the House of
Tudor rose to power.
End of the impressive House of Plantagenet.
However, the York dynasty, with their superior right
the marriage of Elizabeth of York, daughter
of Edward IV, to Henry VII, which finally,
the ancestors to all subsequent English monarchs.
ENTER THE WORLD

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The Wars of the Roses/[The National Archives]/Cecily Neville’s Will, 1495

These extracts from Cecily Neville’s final will – made on 31 May 1495 and proved on 27 August 1495 at Lambeth – show the great range of social contacts and responsibilities that formed part of the life of an independent noblewoman in the late Middle Ages. Her beneficiaries range from King Henry VII to lowly pages of her household, from major religious houses to local priests. As the mother of former kings, Cecily could move within the royal circles of the new dynasty, but she played a prominent part in a more local society too. Her will also reflects the complexities of her role in the Wars of the Roses.
Catalogue reference: PROB 11/10, q. 25 (1495)

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The Wars of the Roses/Lancaster and York/Usurpation and the right to the throne through females

File:Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York.jpg
RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE
AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES
[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,
BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

WAR OF THE ROSES
SCENE AT THE TEMPLE GARDEN
RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, WEARING A
WHITE ROSE, TO CONFRONT
HIS POLITICAL RIVAL AND ENEMY,
EDMUND, BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF
SOMERSET, FORCING HIM TO
CHOOSE A RED ROSE
THE NOBLE LORDS TAKING SIDES
THIS IS A SHAKESPEARE SCENE [HENRY VI]
AND NOT BASED ON ANY HISTORICAL
EVIDENCE
RICHARD II, WHOSE THRONE WAS
USURPED BY HENRY BOLINBROKE, THE
LATER KING HENRY IV
 
King Henry IV from NPG (2).jpg
KING HENRY IV, WHO USURPED THE THRONE OF RICHARD II AS
HENRY BOLINBROKE, HIS COUSIN
 
 
 
King Henry V from NPG.jpg
 
 
KING HENRY V
 
KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[FICTION]
 
 
 

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK
[FICTION]
Richard III earliest surviving portrait.jpg
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD,
DUKE OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
King Henry VII.jpg
KING HENRY VII, THE FIRST TUDOR KING
AND FOUNDER OF THE TUDOR DYNASTY
HISTORICAL IMAGE
Dear Readers
Recently I wrote a letter to Encyclopaedia Britannica about
their History Page about the House of York.
See my letter
 
See the article of Encyclopaedia Britannica about
the House of York
 
Although I have much appreciation for their
historical work I had some comments about their
remarks on their Page, regarding the alleged ”usurpation”
of the House of Lancaster by the House of York,
by deposing King Henry VI by Edward of York, son
of Richard, Duke of York, in 1461, as the socalled
”weakness” in the claim to the throne by
Richard of York, because derived from females.
See my comments:
TRAVEL WITH ME TO THE PAST
ENTER THE WORLD

 

 

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The Wars of the Roses/Lancaster and York/Usurpation and the right to the throne by females/Letter to Encyclopaedia Britannica

 

 

 

File:Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York.jpg
RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE
AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES
[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,
BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

WAR OF THE ROSES
SCENE AT THE TEMPLE GARDEN
RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, WEARING A
WHITE ROSE, TO CONFRONT
HIS POLITICAL RIVAL AND ENEMY,
EDMUND, BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF
SOMERSET, FORCING HIM TO
CHOOSE A RED ROSE
THE NOBLE LORDS TAKING SIDES
THIS IS A SHAKESPEARE SCENE [HENRY VI]
AND NOT BASED ON ANY HISTORICAL
EVIDENCE
RICHARD II, WHOSE THRONE WAS
USURPED BY HENRY BOLINBROKE, THE
LATER KING HENRY IV
 
King Henry IV from NPG (2).jpg
KING HENRY IV, WHO USURPED THE THRONE OF RICHARD II AS
HENRY BOLINBROKE, HIS COUSIN
 
 
 
King Henry V from NPG.jpg
 
 
KING HENRY V
 
KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[FICTION]
 
 
 

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK
[FICTION]
Richard III earliest surviving portrait.jpg
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD,
DUKE OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
King Henry VII.jpg
KING HENRY VII, THE FIRST TUDOR KING
AND FOUNDER OF THE TUDOR DYNASTY
HISTORICAL IMAGE

 

 

 

 

 

 

LANCASTER AND YORK/USURPATION AND THE RIGHT TO
THE THRONE THROUGH FEMALES/LETTER TO ENCYCLOPAEDIA
BRITANNICA
TO THE EDITORS OF ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
YOUR ARTICLE ABOUT THE HOUSE OF YORK
SOME COMMENTS
Dear Editors,
At first I want to express my great admiration for your
large scale History Page about ther various periods
of human history
I especially paid attention on your contributions
to the English Late Medieval History and visited
your page about the Hundred Years War between England
and France  with pleasure, learning much of your
information
THE WARS OF THE ROSES
YOUR PAGE OF THE HOUSE OF YORK
COMMENTS
A historian myself, I wrote some articles about the
Wars of the Roses [1]
See some of my articles  below.
Regarding your excellent contributions,  I have  read
your page about the House of York with
much interest.
See
ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA, HOUSE OF YORK
However I want to make some comments on your contribution,
referring to your remarks about the ”usurpation” of the House of
Lancaster by the House of York, as the ”weakness” of the
claim to the throne by Richard, Duke of York, being derived by
females.

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter from York, Warwick and Salisbury to Henry VI 21 May 1455

Their letter to the Archbishop having failed, York, Warwick and Salisbury tried again, this time with a more direct approach. This is a short letter, and enclosed copies of previous letters, declarations and articles, including the one sent to London the previous day. Again they stress their loyalty, their concerns about their enemies and explain why they’re heading towards the king with a stout and well armed band behind them.
It was transcribed and taken by William Williflete, York’s confessor and secretary, to the earl of Devon at Watford for delivery to the king. It was delivered in the early hours of the morning. York, Warwick and Salisbury were making their way to St Albans as Williflete was on his way to Watford.

 

 

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The Wars of the Roses/[Susan Higginbotham]/Margaret of Anjou

 

margaret of anjou

 

MARGARET OF ANJOU

(The following is a slightly revised blog post I did on Margaret of Anjou, the subject of my novel in progress,
The Queen of Last Hopes
. For more pieces about her and a picture gallery, see the links at the bottom of the page.)

 

 

Margaret of Anjou, queen to the unfortunate Henry VI, has surely been one of the most maligned English queens. She’s regularly portrayed as an adulteress and a vengeful harpy. One historical novel even has her repeatedly trying to murder her daughter-in-law, Anne Neville, though I never quite figured out why. (I’m not sure the author knew either.)

A set piece in many a Wars of the Roses novel, even some recent ones where the authors should have known better, involves cruel Margaret ordering immediately after the Battle of Wakefield that the severed heads of the Duke of York and his teenage son, the Earl of Rutland, be displayed and the Duke’s head be garnished with a
paper crown. In fact, Margaret was not at the Battle of Wakefield; she was in Scotland at the time. There’s even been considerable doubt cast as to the extent of the atrocities supposedly committed by her troops.

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Wakefield and murder at Pontefract

WAKEFIELD AND MURDER AT PONTEFRACT

Firstly, I need to say that others have written about the battle of Wakefield in more depth than I can here. Keith Dockray & Richard Knowles’ excellent article can be found here in its entirety; and Helen Cox and Philip Haigh have both written more detailed accounts, among many others.

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/The 1st Battle of St Albans: A Warwick! A Warwick!

The battle itself, fought in the streets of St Albans, the royal standard raised then abandoned in the market square, lasted little over half an hour. Three prominent noblemen were killed. Henry VI was wounded. Yorkist propaganda got its first real work out. The Earl of Warwick’s reputation was made.

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter from York, Warwick and Salisbury to Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury, 20 May 1455

Written in Royston, this letter was delivered to Archbishop Thomas Bourchier in London while the king was on his way to Leicester. John Say delivered it at Watford, though not into the king’s hands as York hoped. This is a long letter, and pretty dense, so I’m posting it with a translation below. (Translation from British History online, Parliamentary Rolls, Henry VI, 1455. http://www.british-history.ac.uk)

 

As members of the Archbishop’s family were split between the king’s forces and York’s, it would have been in his interests to try and broker a peaceful end to the very tense situation.

The letter has been described as ‘propaganda’, which it was certainly used for after the fact. I don’t doubt, however, that the three lords were genuinely concerned about their safety should the meeting at Leicester go ahead without them. There was a flurry of letters during the days leading up to the first battle of St Albans, all intended for the eyes of the king and none of them (apparently) reaching him. York blamed Somerset for withholding them and, according to the Fastolf Relation, Buckingham admitted to Mowbray Herald that Henry hadn’t seen them. Whether anything would have changed had the king read the letters is, of course, impossible to know.

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