Tag archieven: In English

Susan Higginbotham/History Refreshed/Comments on Guest Post by Jeffrey Stayton, Author of ”This side of the River”

HOWEVER TRAGIC THE PTSD SOLDIERS WAR SYNDROME,
WE MUST NOT FORGET THAT THE WARCRIMES VICTIMS,
THE CIVILIAN POPULATION, PAYS THE HIGHEST PRICE
IN WARS
PHOTO’S OF WARCRIMES IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR,
AS US WARCRIMES IN THE VIETNAM, IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN
WARS ARE PICTURED HERE, SINCE THE ARTICLE ON SUSAN
HIGGINBOTHAM’S BLOG ”HISTORY REFRESHED” REFERS TO THOSE
PERIODS OF WAR
[EXCEPT VIETNAM]
CIVILIAN  VICTIMS OF WARCRIMES
File:Battle of Lawrence.png

WAR CRIMES IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
THE LAWRENCE MASSACRE
US WARCRIMES IN VIETNAM
Daily Casualty Count of Afghan Civilians Killed in U.S. Bombing Attacks

WARCRIMES
US BOMBINGS IN AFGHANISTAN
WARCRIMES
US BOMBINGS IN IRAQ
SUSAN HIGGINBOTHAM/HISTORY REFRESHED/
COMMENTS ON GUEST POST BY JEFFREY STAYTON,
AUTHOR OF ” THIS SIDE OF THE RIVER”
Dear Readers,
Knowing Susan Higginbotham as the author about
Medieval history and often blogging about that period and
shortly thereafter, I was pleasantly surprised to learn about a
Guest post, referring to the American Civil war.
Guest poster is the writer Jeffrey Stayton, who wrote a novel
about the Civil War, focusing on a sort of soldiers shell shock,
PTSD.
His book is titled
”This side of the River”
See the Blog
Perhaps she welcomed his Guest Post because of her yet to be published
novel on the aftermath of the American Civil War ”Hanging Mary”, which
actually refers to the president Lincoln murderer William Booth
However interesting, I had some comments on Stayton’s post and approach.
For I acknowledge the suffering of soldiers because of the horrors
of war, but comparing to that, the suffering of the thousands and
sometimes 100 000 civilians is seldom counted, at least not as individuals.
Therefore I wrote the following comment under Jeffrey Stayton’s post,
for remembering everyone, that the common civilians mostly pay
the highest price in wars.
A TRAVEL TO THE PAST AND PRESENT

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Wakefield and murder at Pontefract

WAKEFIELD AND MURDER AT PONTEFRACT

Firstly, I need to say that others have written about the battle of Wakefield in more depth than I can here. Keith Dockray & Richard Knowles’ excellent article can be found here in its entirety; and Helen Cox and Philip Haigh have both written more detailed accounts, among many others.

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/The 1st Battle of St Albans: A Warwick! A Warwick!

The battle itself, fought in the streets of St Albans, the royal standard raised then abandoned in the market square, lasted little over half an hour. Three prominent noblemen were killed. Henry VI was wounded. Yorkist propaganda got its first real work out. The Earl of Warwick’s reputation was made.

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter from York, Warwick and Salisbury to Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury, 20 May 1455

Written in Royston, this letter was delivered to Archbishop Thomas Bourchier in London while the king was on his way to Leicester. John Say delivered it at Watford, though not into the king’s hands as York hoped. This is a long letter, and pretty dense, so I’m posting it with a translation below. (Translation from British History online, Parliamentary Rolls, Henry VI, 1455. http://www.british-history.ac.uk)

 

As members of the Archbishop’s family were split between the king’s forces and York’s, it would have been in his interests to try and broker a peaceful end to the very tense situation.

The letter has been described as ‘propaganda’, which it was certainly used for after the fact. I don’t doubt, however, that the three lords were genuinely concerned about their safety should the meeting at Leicester go ahead without them. There was a flurry of letters during the days leading up to the first battle of St Albans, all intended for the eyes of the king and none of them (apparently) reaching him. York blamed Somerset for withholding them and, according to the Fastolf Relation, Buckingham admitted to Mowbray Herald that Henry hadn’t seen them. Whether anything would have changed had the king read the letters is, of course, impossible to know.

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick to King Edward IV

In historical fiction, Warwick is often portrayed as impatient (at the least) with Edward IV from the very start. Impatient, contemptuous and imperious. This letter suggests something quite different.

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The Wars of the Roses/Aftermath[From Susan Higginbotham ”In Their Own Words”]/Letter of Henry VII to His Mother Margaret of Beaufort

[Source: Original Letters Illustrative of English History, H. Ellis, ed., series 1, vol. 1]

 

S. B. Chrimes in his biography states that this letter, written to Margaret, Countess of Richmond, was probably written in 1501. Note the charming postscript, in which Henry apologizes for not writing more often and cites
his worsening eyesight as an excuse.

 

 

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The Wars of the Roses/[From Susan Higginbotham ”In Their Own Words”/Letter of Richard III to His Mother, Cecily Neville Duchess of York

[Source: The Unpopular King: The Life and Times of Richard III by Alfred Owen Legge. The letter can also be found in Rosemary Horrox and P. W. Hammond, eds., British Library Harleian Manuscript 433. Gloucester: Richard III Society, 1979.]

 

This letter to Cecily, Duchess of York, was written on June 3, 1484. William Colyngbourne, named in the letter, later became famous for the treasonous rhyme, “The Cat, the Rat, and Lovel our dog / Ruleth all England under a Hog,” which he nailed to the door of St. Paul’s Cathedral on July 18, 1484. His chief offense, however, was to write to Henry Tudor to ask him to invade England. Colynbourne was tried and convicted in December 1484. For his execution, he was hung and cut down while still alive, after which his bowels were cast into a fire.

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The Wars of the Roses/[From Susan Higginbotham ”In Their Own Words”]/Letter of Edward, Earl of March and Edmund, Earl of Rutland, to their father Richard, Duke of York

[Source: Reprinted in Richard III as Duke of Gloucester and King of England, by Caroline Amelia Halsted]

 

Edward and Edmund were the oldest living sons of Richard, Duke of York. This letter was written in the 1450’s, following the duke’s return to England from Ireland. Edmund, along with his father, died at the battle of Wakefield on December 30, 1460; Edward became King Edward IV.

 

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The Wars of the Roses/[From Susan Higginbotham ”In Their Own Words]/The Last Will and Testament of Margaret of Anjou

Margaret of Anjou’s starkly simple will, executed on August 2, 1482, is a vivid testament to her reduced fortunes at the end of her life. Here’s an excerpt from it, as translated into English by J. J. Bagley in his biography Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England:

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Marriage and the Nevills/Cecily Nevill and Richard, Duke of York

There has been a great deal written about Cecily Nevill. Google her (with the inevitable final ‘e’) and you’ll get nearly 98,000 results, most of them discussing her in relation to the men (husband, sons and brothers) in her life. She outlived all but one of her children, and spent thirty five years in widowhood. Two of her sons became kings of England, a granddaughter was queen, as she herself almost was.

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